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Original Article | Cosmology Science | Volume 15 Issue 4, April 2026 | Pages: 1022 - 1026 | United States
A Near-Balance Interpretation of Cosmology and the Role of Photon Energy in Gravitational Structure
Abstract: This study examines the interpretation of a near-zero energy universe within a structured cosmological framework grounded in general relativity. The purpose is to assess whether a near-balanced global energy condition can be consistently interpreted alongside locally nonzero energy regions. The method relies on theoretical analysis of the stress-energy tensor, photon propagation, and gravitational redshift as observational tools. The results show that photon energy provides a consistent link between measurable energy content and spacetime curvature, and that high-energy photon observations can define an effective mass scale using E = mc2. The findings support the view that a near-balanced energy interpretation is physically consistent and compatible with known principles, while clarifying the distinction between global interpretation and local measurement.
Keywords: cosmology, zero-energy universe, gravitational redshift, photon energy, general relativity, energy-mass equivalence, cosmological energy balance, stress-energy tensor, gravitational curvature
How to Cite?: Russell C. Crawford, "A Near-Balance Interpretation of Cosmology and the Role of Photon Energy in Gravitational Structure", Volume 15 Issue 4, April 2026, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 1022-1026, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR26330082908, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR26330082908