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Original Article | Physiology | Volume 15 Issue 2, February 2026 | Pages: 1638 - 1642 | Saudi Arabia
White Blood Cell Ratios are an Indicators for Diabetic Nephropathy among Sudanese with Type 2 Diabetes
Abstract: Background: Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most serious microvascular complications?of diabetes mellitus, and a major cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) globally. Inflammation is?implicated in its pathogenesis. More recently, easy inflammatory indices from CBC such as PLR (platelet-to-lymphocytes ratio), NLR (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio) and MLR (monocyte-to- lymphocyte?ratio) have been proposed as potential biomarkers. Aim: To analyze the correlation of PLR, NLR and MLR with diabetic nephropathy and?estimate their diagnostic values in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 150 subjects were recruited and divided into three groups: healthy control (Group A), diabetic patients without nephropathy (Group B) and diabetic nephropathy group (Group C)?containing 50 subjects each. Clinical information and laboratory analyses such as?urine albumin/creatinine ratio and indicators of inflammation (PLR, NLR, MLR) were recorded. Spearman?s rank correlation?test was performed to analyze correlations. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine?the diagnostic efficacy of markers under study. Results: Inflammatory markers were significantly higher in patients?with diabetic nephropathy versus diabetics without nephropathy and controls (p < 0.001). The UACR had a significant positive association with PLR, NLR and MLR,?especially in DN group. Among the measured parameters, MLR had the closest relationship with?UACR. ROC curve analysis revealed that MLR had the most accurate diagnostic performance for diabetic nephropathy (AUC = 0.83) (76% sensitivity and 74% specificity), which differed significantly?compared with PLR and NLR (p < 0.001).
Keywords: Diabetes, Nephropathy, PLR, NLR, MLR. Type 2 DM
How to Cite?: Samia Saeed Ahmed, M. A. Adris, "White Blood Cell Ratios are an Indicators for Diabetic Nephropathy among Sudanese with Type 2 Diabetes", Volume 15 Issue 2, February 2026, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 1638-1642, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR26225152323, DOI: https://dx.dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR26225152323