Risk Factors Associated with Empyema in Children Aged 6 Months to 12 Years: A Study from Western Gujarat

Shankar Lal Choudhary, Hemangini Kharadi, Bhadresh Vyas, Subhranshu Mihir Dash

Abstract: Background: Empyema thoracis is a major cause of morbidity in children. This study identifies risk factors associated with empyema in children aged 6 months to 12 years in Western Gujarat. Methods: A prospective observational study of 60 children diagnosed with empyema was conducted. Data included demographics, nutritional status, vaccination, anaemia, environmental exposures, and outcomes. Results: Malnutrition was seen in 81.7% of children, anaemia in 93.3% (moderate 43.3%, severe 21.7%). Most were un/partially vaccinated (71.7%). Irrational prior antibiotic use (28.7%) and maternal illiteracy were associated with longer hospital stay. Exposure to indoor air pollution (76.7%) was also significant. Children with malnutrition and delayed presentation had higher complication rates and prolonged stay. Conclusion: Malnutrition, incomplete vaccination, anaemia, indoor air pollution, and low maternal education are major risk factors for empyema. Strengthening immunization, improving nutrition, and early referral are crucial to reduce morbidity.

Keywords: Paediatric Empyema, Malnutrition, Anaemia, Vaccination, Risk Factors

How to Cite?: Shankar Lal Choudhary, Hemangini Kharadi, Bhadresh Vyas, Subhranshu Mihir Dash, "Risk Factors Associated with Empyema in Children Aged 6 Months to 12 Years: A Study from Western Gujarat", Volume 14 Issue 9, September 2025, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 208-209, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR25907004928, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR25907004928