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Review Papers | Water Treatment | India | Volume 13 Issue 1, January 2024
Pharmaceutical and Hospital Wastewater Treatment by Subsurface Constructed Wetland: Current Scenario
Abstract: Constructed wetland systems (CWs) are the best natural base for wastewater treatment, having the advantage of treating domestic, agricultural, mining, and industrial waste water together with emerging organic contaminants (EOC). At present, there can be an increasing load on hospitals and constant challenges to supply vacations from pharmaceutical companies due to Corona pandemic waves. This leads to excessive EOCs such as pharmaceutical products (PhCsP), immunity booster products (IBP), the production of steroidal hormones (SH), and personal care products (PCP). The horizontal subsurface flow - constructed wetland (HSFCW) is used as a secondary treatment unit for wastewater. Pharmaceutical waste water by HFCW as average 98% of the removal efficiency reported by the researchers. In this paper, the treatment performance will be evaluated by biological oxygen demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), total solids (TS), Total Nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), pharma active compounds (PhACs), pathogens, etc. There are many treatment techniques, such as ultraviolet treatment (UVT), Ozone Treatment (OT), anaerobic digestion, trickling filter, biosolids, activated sludge method, conventional activated sludge (CAS), and membrane bioreactors (MBR) are available for wastewater treatment. Due to direct disposal in the environment, it is very important to shorten the various techniques for the treatment of WW.
Keywords: Pharmaceutical, Hospital, wastewater, Treatment, Wetland
Edition: Volume 13 Issue 1, January 2024,
Pages: 47 - 50