Nanophthalmos with Associated Retinitis Pigmentosa

Totli Kuruba Mayuri, Malleswari Medikonda

Abstract: Nanophthalmos is a rare genetic disorder characterized by abnormally small eyes due to compromised growth, often resulting in high hyperopia and various ocular complications. This article presents two cases of nanophthalmos, highlighting its clinical manifestations and associated conditions. Case 1 describes a 41 - year - old female with chronic angle - closure glaucoma, high hypermetropia, amblyopia, and retinitis pigmentosa. Case 2 involves a 35 - year - old female with nystagmus, esotropia, and retinitis pigmentosa. The discussion explores the relationship between nanophthalmos and retinal abnormalities, proposing two potential theories for pigmentary retinal changes. Uveal effusion and non - rhegmatogenous retinal detachment are also discussed as complications of nanophthalmos. These cases underscore the importance of recognizing the diverse clinical presentations of nanophthalmos, including its impact on visual function and the potential for pigmentary retinal degenerations like retinitis pigmentosa.

Keywords: Nanophthalmos, high hyperopia, amblyopia, glaucoma, retinitis pigmentosa