Histomorphological Correlation of Prostatic Lesions with Serum Prostate Specific Antigen Levels

Vidyasagar M Salve, Sneha R. Joshi, Deepa T. Tekwani

Abstract: Background: Prostatic adenocarcinoma is one of the most common cancers occurring in the men above 50 years of age. Serum prostate specific antigen (S. PSA) helps in early diagnosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma. Various benign prostatic diseases may also elevate S. PSA. Aims and objectives: 1) To study histopathology of prostatic lesions 2) To correlate histopathological diagnosis with serum prostate specific antigen levels Materials and methods: The study involved histopathological analysis of prostatic lesions of 110 patients admitted in our hospital who had undergone prostatic biopsy or transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) during October 2015 to August 2017. Preoperative S. PSA levels were estimated. The correlation between histopathological findings and S. PSA levels was made. Results: Our study included 110 cases, out of which BPH was the commonest disease seen in 81.8 % cases, of which BPH without prostatitis constituted 62.7 % of the cases. BPH with chronic prostatitis and BPH with acute prostatitis were seen in 13.6 % and 5.5 % cases respectively. Prostatic carcinoma was seen in 10.9 % cases. Other diseases encountered were PIN (4.5 %), ASAP (1.8 %) and BCG granuloma (0.9 %). Adenocarcinoma was the commonest malignancy seen in all 12 cases. Mean S. PSA levels in BPH was 4.41 ng/ml, in BPH with acute prostatitis 11.96 ng/ml, in ASAP 6.05 ng/ml, in PIN 9.88 ng/ml, and in prostatic adenocarcinoma 88.83 ng/ml. Conclusion: Our study showed that there was significant correlation between serum PSA levels and various prostatic lesions.

Keywords: Prostate, Hyperplasia, Adenocarcinoma, PSA, Gleason score