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Research Paper | Biological Sciences | Volume 15 Issue 5, May 2026 | Pages: 1412 - 1424 | Iraq
Synergistic Effects of Microbial-Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles Combined with Clindamycin Against Clindamycin-Resistant Oral Bacterial Biofilms
Abstract: The antibiofilm and antibacterial properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) made using Streptomyces rochei MS-37 in combination with clindamycin have been evaluated against oral bacteria that are resistant to clindamycin and are being treated for dental infections. The AgNPs were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and zeta potential measurements and were found to be highly stable (mean diameter = 16.5 nm) with a maximum plasmon resonance peak at 422 nm. Clindamycin-resistant oral bacterial isolates, including Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis, and Bacillus cereus, have all been screened for specific clindamycin-resistance genes and were confirmed to be resistant by using different methods. Checkerboard assays also indicated a high degree of synergy between the two antimicrobial agents (AgNPs and clindamycin), with FICI values of between 0.312 and 0.500 and the potential for an up to 16-fold decrease in the effectiveness of clindamycin against the same targets. There was also a significant inhibition of biofilm development and disruption of previously established biofilms when using the combination of AgNPs and clindamycin; this was confirmed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging. In conclusion, the AgNPs that were biosynthesized with the use of the independent organism Streptomyces rochei MS-37 may potentiate the antibiotic action against these antibiotic-resistant oral biofilm-associated infections, and may be a good initial/adjunct strategy for antimicrobial therapy.
Keywords: Silver nanoparticles, Biosynthesis, Oral biofilms, Clindamycin resistance, Antimicrobial synergy, Streptomyces rochei, Anti-biofilm activity
How to Cite?: Zainab Nawaf Hammad, Yathrib Mashaalaah Hamed, "Synergistic Effects of Microbial-Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles Combined with Clindamycin Against Clindamycin-Resistant Oral Bacterial Biofilms", Volume 15 Issue 5, May 2026, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 1412-1424, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR26520025917, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR26520025917