A Novel Parameter (CK 19) in Odontogenic Cyst & Tumor: Clinical, Radiographic & IHC Study

Dr. Nikita Gayakwad, Dr. Priyanshi Jayesh Parikh, Dr. Shilpa Parikh, Dr. Jigna Shah

Abstract: Odontogenic lesions encompass a variety of cysts and tumors with distinct clinical, radiographic, and histological characteristics. Accurate diagnosis often relies on histopathological analysis, though overlapping features between different lesions can complicate identification. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), particularly CK 19 expression, can aid in diagnosis by distinguishing these lesions and guiding treatment strategies. Aim: To assess clinical, radiographic, and histologic features of odontogenic cysts and tumors, and analyze CK19 expression patterns. Method: A total of 62 patients diagnosed with various odontogenic lesions at the Oral Medicine and Radiology department between 2022 and 2024 were studied. Clinical examinations, radiographic assessments, and histopathological evaluations were conducted. CK 19 expression was analyzed using immunohistochemistry on paraffin-embedded tissue samples, including radicular cysts, dentigerous cysts, odontogenic keratocysts (OKC), orthokeratinized keratocysts, and ameloblastomas. Results: CK 19 expression varied significantly across lesions (P = 0.01). Radicular cysts, dentigerous cysts, and ameloblastomas showed notable positivity rates (64.28%, 80%, and 77.92%, respectively). OKCs demonstrated 60.71% positivity, while orthokeratinized keratocysts were negative for CK 19 expression. Conclusion: The findings indicate that CK 19 serves as a valuable marker for identifying odontogenic epithelial components, helping clarify the biological behavior and aggressiveness of these lesions. Further exploration of IHC's role could refine diagnostic processes and optimize treatment plans for odontogenic lesions.

Keywords: Odontogenic Tumors, Odontogenic Cysts, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Cytokeratin-19 (CK19)

How to Cite?: Dr. Nikita Gayakwad, Dr. Priyanshi Jayesh Parikh, Dr. Shilpa Parikh, Dr. Jigna Shah, "A Novel Parameter (CK 19) in Odontogenic Cyst & Tumor: Clinical, Radiographic & IHC Study", Volume 14 Issue 8, August 2025, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 538-547, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR25805164132, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR25805164132