Emergence Cough Response During Extubation from General Anaesthesia in Head and Neck Surgeries: A Prospective Observational Study

Dr. Ranjit Kumar Barai, Dr Sucheta Pattanayak

Abstract: Background: Cough during emergence from general anaesthesia is a frequent event. In head and neck surgeries, even brief coughing episodes may precipitate haemodynamic instability, raised intracranial pressure, or postoperative bleeding, making its prevention clinically relevant. The incidence and severity profile of emergence cough in this population remains variably reported. Aim: To assess the incidence and severity of cough during emergence from general anaesthesia in head and neck surgeries and to evaluate the associated haemodynamic changes. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on 90 adult patients undergoing elective tonsillectomy, thyroidectomy, or craniotomy under general anaesthesia with endotracheal intubation. Cough during emergence and extubation was graded using a four-point scale. Heart rate and mean arterial pressure were recorded at predefined peri-extubation time points. Results: Clinically significant cough (Grade ?2) occurred in 46.7% of patients. Severe cough (Grade 3) was observed in 16.7%. Cough occurred most commonly at the time of extubation. Significant increases in heart rate and mean arterial pressure were recorded immediately after extubation, with greater changes among patients experiencing higher cough grades. No major airway complications were observed. Conclusion: Emergence cough is common during extubation following general anaesthesia in head and neck surgeries and is associated with transient haemodynamic responses. Vigilant monitoring and appropriate preventive strategies may improve perioperative safety in this vulnerable surgical group.

Keywords: Emergence cough, extubation, general anaesthesia, head and neck surgery, haemodynamic response

How to Cite?: Dr. Ranjit Kumar Barai, Dr Sucheta Pattanayak, "Emergence Cough Response During Extubation from General Anaesthesia in Head and Neck Surgeries: A Prospective Observational Study", Volume 14 Issue 12, December 2025, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 2232-2235, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR251226153134, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR251226153134