Gender-Based Legal Reforms in India: A Critical Review

Nibedita Sarma

Abstract: Gender-based legal reforms in India have played a significant role in addressing the pervasive issue of gender inequality, particularly in the areas of family law, labour law, criminal law, and the rights of LGBTQ+ individuals. While these legal changes have paved the way for the formal recognition of women?s and marginalized gender groups' rights, the implementation and enforcement of these reforms remain challenging. Cultural resistance, entrenched patriarchal norms, and institutional shortcomings continue to hinder the realization of gender justice. This article critically examines the evolution of gender-based legal reforms in India, their impact on societal attitudes, and the challenges to their effective implementation. Through an exploration of key legal provisions, landmark cases, and ongoing issues, this study underscores the need for enhanced enforcement mechanisms, greater inclusivity in legal frameworks, and cultural change. The paper concludes by proposing strategies for strengthening the legal system, improving societal awareness, and ensuring the protection of marginalized gender identities to achieve true gender justice in India.

Keywords: Gender-based legal reforms, gender equality, family law, labour law, sexual harassment, domestic violence, LGBTQ+ rights, transgender recognition, legal implementation, patriarchy, intersectionality, gender justice

How to Cite?: Nibedita Sarma, "Gender-Based Legal Reforms in India: A Critical Review", Volume 14 Issue 11, November 2025, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 935-938, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR251110080716, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR251110080716