SEM-Based Micromorphological Analysis of the Hybrid Layer Formed by Two Contemporary Adhesive Systems

Angela Gusiyska

Abstract: This study employed scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to compare the micromorphological characteristics of hybrid layers formed by two adhesive systems-Excite (etch-and-rinse) and Adhese Universal Pen (self-etch). Thirty-six dentine specimens were prepared from extracted human molars and evaluated for hybrid layer thickness, uniformity, and resin tag morphology. Results demonstrated that the total-etch system produced significantly thicker and more uniform hybrid layers with longer resin tags, whereas the self-etch system generated thinner, irregular layers. Statistical analysis confirmed the superiority of the etch-and-rinse system in achieving deeper resin infiltration. These findings suggest that etching strategy markedly influences the quality of dentine bonding, with practical implications for the longevity of adhesive restorations.

Keywords: adhesive systems, dentine bonding, hybrid layer, resin tags, scanning electron microscopy, SEM

How to Cite?: Angela Gusiyska, "SEM-Based Micromorphological Analysis of the Hybrid Layer Formed by Two Contemporary Adhesive Systems", Volume 14 Issue 10, October 2025, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 1439-1444, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR251026144718, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR251026144718