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Case Report | Medicine | Volume 15 Issue 5, May 2026 | Pages: 454 - 455 | India
Hidden Hemolysis: A Case of Pancytopenia Revealing Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria
Abstract: Background: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare acquired clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorder characterized by complement-mediated intravascular hemolysis, cytopenias, and thrombosis. Classical hemoglobinuria may be absent, making diagnosis challenging. Case Presentation: A 42-year-old male presented with persistent fatigue and abdominal pain with a known history of pancytopenia requiring multiple transfusions over one year. Initial evaluation revealed severe pancytopenia with markedly elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase and ferritin levels. Peripheral smear showed normocytic normochromic anemia with leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. Bone marrow biopsy demonstrated normocellular marrow with trilineage hematopoiesis. Flow cytometry for PNH profile revealed significant FLAER/CD24 deficient granulocyte and FLAER/CD14 deficient monocyte populations confirming PNH. Conclusion: PNH should be considered in unexplained pancytopenia even in the absence of overt hemoglobinuria. Early diagnosis with flow cytometry is essential for timely management and improved outcomes.
Keywords: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, Pancytopenia, Flow cytometry, Bone marrow biopsy, Intravascular hemolysis
How to Cite?: Dr. Kharat Anuja Dadasaheb, Dr. Prashant Purkar, "Hidden Hemolysis: A Case of Pancytopenia Revealing Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria", Volume 15 Issue 5, May 2026, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 454-455, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=MR26506150702, DOI: https://dx.dx.doi.org/10.21275/MR26506150702