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Research Paper | Medical Science | India | Volume 12 Issue 6, June 2023
Mucocutaneous Manifestations of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection in Relation to the Degree of Immunosuppression
Sarveshkumar N | SB Murugesh | Ravindra K [12] | Sugareddy [6]
Abstract: Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is becoming a common occurrence. Worldwide, limited studies have been done on the mucocutaneous manifestations in HIV-positive patients. The aim of our study was to analyze the spectrum of mucocutaneous manifestations of HIV infection and correlate to degree of immunosuppression. Material and methods, 72 patients with HIV, who presented to the departments of dermatology were examined for mucocutaneous manifestations. Patients were classified into four groups of immunodeficiency such as normal(CD4 count >500cells/mm3), mild(CD4 350-499), advanced(CD4 200-349) and severe(CD4 <200), based on NACO guidelines of immunosuppression.. The most recent CD4 count (within 6 months of study period) was considered. Results: 72 patients with skin manifestations were examined. The highest incidence of mucocutaneous manifestations was in 40?50 age group. Males were 30, females were 42 cases. Tinea infection 15(21%) was the most common condition, with highest prevalence in severe CD4 category (30%). Verruca vulgaris 5 (7%) was the most common infectious condition, with highest prevalence in advance CD4 category (14%). Syphilis 7 cases (9% ) was the most common STD infection followed by Donovanosis (1 cases). Adverse drug reactions (ADR) caused by various drugs were seen in 7(10%) patients. The percentage of skin manifestations was highest in the severe category 22 cases(30%) and advanced 20cases(27%) CD4 category. There was no significant difference in manifestations between those who were on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and those not. Conclusion: The percentage of skin manifestations increased with degree of CD4 depletion. However, opportunistic infections did not correlate with severity of immunodeficiency. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is perhaps the single greatest pandemic that mankind is facing in recent times. Skin manifestations constitute one of the most common clinical features in children, and the clinical pattern and severity is more or less in accordance with the degree of immunosuppression.
Keywords: Mucocutaneous manifestation, human immunodeficiency virus, HIV, immunosuppression
Edition: Volume 12 Issue 6, June 2023,
Pages: 1685 - 1693