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Original Research | Cardiology Science | Volume 15 Issue 6, June 2026 | Pages: 1059 - 1063 | India
Predictors and Clinical Outcomes of Coronary Slow-Flow and No-Reflow Phenomenon Following Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Prospective Observational Study
Abstract: Background: Coronary slow-flow and no-reflow phenomena remain important complications of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). These conditions are associated with impaired myocardial perfusion despite successful epicardial coronary artery recanalization and are linked to adverse clinical outcomes. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary-care cardiac center over 18 months. One hundred consecutive AMI patients undergoing primary PCI were enrolled. Patients were classified according to final TIMI flow grade into normal flow, slow-flow, and no-reflow groups. Clinical characteristics, laboratory parameters, echocardiographic findings, angiographic characteristics, and procedural variables were compared among groups. Results: Among 100 patients, 50 had normal flow, 42 had slow-flow, and 8 had no-reflow following PCI. Severe thrombus burden and higher TIMI thrombus grades were significantly associated with slow-flow/no-reflow. Patients with Killip class ?2, elevated inflammatory markers, renal insufficiency, septal wall hypokinesia, LAD culprit vessel involvement, and severe thrombus burden demonstrated significantly higher rates of slow-flow/no-reflow. In-hospital mortality was significantly higher among patients with slow-flow/no-reflow compared with those with normal coronary flow. Conclusion: Coronary slow-flow/no-reflow remains a frequent complication of primary PCI. Clinical severity, inflammatory status, renal dysfunction, LAD involvement, and thrombus burden are important predictors. Early identification of high-risk patients may facilitate preventive strategies and improve outcomes.
Keywords: No-reflow phenomenon, Slow-flow phenomenon, Primary PCI, STEMI, Acute myocardial infarction, TIMI flow, Thrombus burden
How to Cite?: Dr. Ajinkya Jayaji Pandhare, Dr. Prashant Prabhakar Udgire, Dr. Anantrao Laxman Phad, Dr. Bilal Khan, "Predictors and Clinical Outcomes of Coronary Slow-Flow and No-Reflow Phenomenon Following Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Prospective Observational Study", Volume 15 Issue 6, June 2026, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 1059-1063, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR26619184659, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR26619184659