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Experimental Research Paper | Paediatrics | Volume 15 Issue 6, June 2026 | Pages: 832 - 833 | India
Study of Clinical and Biochemical Profile in Neonatal Seizures in a Tertiary Care Centre
Abstract: Background: Neonatal seizures are among the most common neurological emergencies during the neonatal period and often indicate underlying neurological or metabolic disturbances. The immature neonatal brain has a lower seizure threshold due to an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission. Neonatal seizures may arise from various etiologies such as hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, infections, intracranial hemorrhage and metabolic abnormalities and electrolyte disturbances. Early identification of the clinical features and associated biochemical abnormalities is essential for timely management and prevention of long-term neurological complications. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to evaluate the clinical presentation of neonatal seizures, to assess the biochemical abnormalities associated with neonatal seizures and to determine the relationship between various etiological factors and the time of onset of seizures. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics at Saraswati Institute of Medical Sciences, Hapur, over a period of two years from April 2024 to May 2026 after obtaining approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee: A total of 150 neonates presenting with seizures, including both term and preterm babies, were enrolled after obtaining written informed consent from parents or caregivers. Detailed antenatal, natal and perinatal histories were recorded and thorough clinical examinations were performed. Seizures were classified according to Volpe?s classification into subtle, focal clonic, multifocal clonic, tonic and myoclonic types. Laboratory investigations including blood glucose, serum calcium, serum sodium and serum potassium levels were carried out before initiation of treatment. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0 and a p-value of Results: The majority of neonatal seizures occurred within the first three days of life. Subtle seizures were the most common clinical presentation followed by tonic and clonic seizures. Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy emerged as the most common etiological factor associated with neonatal seizures. Among biochemical abnormalities, hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia and hyponatremia were the most frequently observed disturbances. A significant association was noted between metabolic abnormalities and the occurrence and severity of seizures. Early onset seizures were more commonly associated with birth asphyxia, whereas metabolic disturbances were observed in seizures occurring later in the neonatal period. Conclusion: Neonatal seizures are frequently associated with significant clinical and biochemical abnormalities. Early recognition of seizure manifestations along with prompt biochemical evaluation is crucial for identifying underlying etiologies and initiating appropriate treatment. Systematic clinical assessment combined with metabolic screening can improve early diagnosis, guide management and help reduce morbidity and long-term neurological complications in affected neonates.
Keywords: Neonatal seizures, biochemical abnormalities, hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, neonatal neurology
How to Cite?: Dr. Gondi Vamsi Krishna, Dr. Bharat Gupta, Yogesh K Goel, Dr. Pallavi Gupta, Dr. Abdur Rahman, "Study of Clinical and Biochemical Profile in Neonatal Seizures in a Tertiary Care Centre", Volume 15 Issue 6, June 2026, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 832-833, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR26613125048, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR26613125048