Uric Acid as a Risk Factor in Metabolic Syndrome: A Case-Control Study

Dr. Nelaturi Venkata Subbareddy, Dr N Satish Kumar Reddy, Dr. Y T Dileep Kumar

Abstract: Background: Uric acid is a final end product in the degradation of purine metabolism Hyperuricemia results from increased production of uric acid, decreased excretion or a combination of both 1-3. Hyperuricemia has been identified as having major clinical significance in the development of various co morbidities including gout, metabolic syndrome, coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus 4-6, despite its major antioxidant property. Serum uric acid level is associated with the individual components of metabolic syndrome such as obesity, dyslipidemia and hypertension 7. Hyperuricemia can be an accompaniment disorder with syndrome X (characterized by abdominal obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, increased LDL Cholesterol & decreased HDL Cholesterol). Its presence is an indication for screening and aggressively treating any accompanying obesity, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes or hypertension 8. Diabetes mellitus type 2 is a common condition among middle age and older individuals. The Prevalence of diabetes mellitus type 2 is increasing globally. India have the max imum increase during the last few years. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is 2.4% in rural population and 11.6% in urban population 9. The metabolic syndrome is a cluster of most dangerous coronary artery disease risk factors: diabetes mellitus type 2, pre diabetes, abdominal obesity, high cholesterol and high blood pressure 10 Methods: This study is a cross sectional study, The sample size of this study includes 100 subjects involving 50 diabetic patients with metabolic syndrome and 50 normal controls. The parameters includes measurement of Height, Weight, Blood pressure and Waist circumference. The laboratory parameters includes Fasting plasma glucose, Post prandial plasma glucose, Serum fasting lipid profile, Serum urea, Serum creatinine, Serum uric acid levels. Results: Serum uric acid levels among patients with metabolic syndrome were significantly higher than normal controls with level of significance (p < 0.05). Fasting plasma glucose levels, Post prandial plasma glucose levels, Fasting Serum total cholesterol levels, Fasting Serum triglyceride levels, Fasting Serum LDL cholesterol levels, among patients with metabolic syndrome were significantly higher than normal controls with level of significance (p < 0.05). But Fasting serum HDL cholesterol levels among patients with metabolic syndrome were significantly lower than normal controls with insignificant association (p >0.05). Serum uric acid levels were significantly higher in patients with diabetic metabolic syndrome when compared with normal healthy controls with level of significance (t value = 10.612) p = 0.000, (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This study has shown that hyperuricemia is significantly present in type 2 diabetic patients with metabolic syndrome and is significantly correlated with various components of metabolic syndrome including obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension and insulin resistance. All these components of metabolic syndrome have a bidirectional causal effect with hyperuricemia.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Uric acid, Glucose amd triglycerides

How to Cite?: Dr. Nelaturi Venkata Subbareddy, Dr N Satish Kumar Reddy, Dr. Y T Dileep Kumar, "Uric Acid as a Risk Factor in Metabolic Syndrome: A Case-Control Study", Volume 15 Issue 4, April 2026, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 978-982, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR26415155952, DOI: https://dx.dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR26415155952

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