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Review Papers | Nanotechnology | Volume 15 Issue 3, March 2026 | Pages: 1322 - 1350 | India
Synthesis, Characterisation and Mechanistic Action of Nanomaterials in Stem Cell Therapy
Abstract: Nanomaterial-based strategies have emerged as powerful tools for improving stem cell therapy outcomes in regenerative medicine. This review examines how nanomaterials influence stem cell differentiation, proliferation, and imaging performance through their physicochemical properties and mechanistic interactions with cellular microenvironments. Key classes of nanomaterials, including carbon-based nanostructures, metallic nanoparticles, polymeric carriers, and ceramic scaffolds, are analysed with respect to synthesis, characterisation, and biological activity. Evidence across neurogenic, osteogenic, adipogenic, chondrogenic, and cardiomyogenic differentiation demonstrates that nanoscale surface chemistry, topography, and electrical conductivity modulate lineage commitment through signalling pathways such as MAPK, Wnt, and integrin-mediated cascades. In addition, nanomaterial-assisted imaging techniques enable non-invasive tracking of stem cell fate. Green synthesis approaches and translational considerations are discussed to highlight future clinical prospects. Overall, nanomaterials provide multifunctional platforms that enhance both therapeutic precision and diagnostic capability in stem cell-based interventions.
Keywords: Stem cell therapy, Regenerative Medicine, Nanobiomaterials, Stem Cell Imaging, Mechanotransduction
How to Cite?: Mihir Iyer, Aadi Mohandas, "Synthesis, Characterisation and Mechanistic Action of Nanomaterials in Stem Cell Therapy", Volume 15 Issue 3, March 2026, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 1322-1350, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR26321125120, DOI: https://dx.dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR26321125120