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Analysis Study Research Paper | Pathology | Volume 15 Issue 3, March 2026 | Pages: 1188 - 1193 | India
Audit of Hemoglobin Electrophoresis by HPLC Method and its Correlation with CBC Findings in Tertiary Health Care Centre
Abstract: Background: Hemoglobinopathies are among the most prevalent inherited disorders, especially in the Indian subcontinent. Accurate diagnosis is essential for effective management. While conventional hemoglobin electrophoresis has been widely used, High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) offers superior diagnostic precision. The utility of Complete Blood Count (CBC) parameters alongside HPLC may further enhance diagnostic accuracy. Methods: This retrospective observational audit included 200 patients who underwent both HPLC and CBC testing between July and December 2024. Hemoglobin variants were detected using HPLC, and CBC indices including hemoglobin, MCV, MCH, MCHC, and RDW were recorded. The Mentzer Index was calculated for relevant cases. Data analysis was performed using SPSS v25, and correlations were evaluated using Pearson?s or Spearman?s test with p<0.05 as significant. Results: The mean age of participants was 24.7 ± 12.3 years. Beta-thalassemia trait was identified in 9.5% of cases, with statistically significant reductions in hemoglobin, MCV, MCH, and elevations in RDW (p<0.001). All patients with beta-thalassemia trait exhibited a Mentzer Index <13, consistent with microcytic anemia and elevated RBC counts, reinforcing the diagnostic validity of this index. HPLC effectively identified hemoglobin variants like HbD (2.5%) and HbS (2.0%) in addition to beta-thalassemia. A bar diagram comparing the average Mentzer Index across five variant groups demonstrated a clear separation between beta-thalassemia trait and other hemoglobinopathies, visually reinforcing its diagnostic cut-off of <13 and highlighting its reliability in distinguishing thalassemia from non-thalassemic variants. Our study fits well within the broader Maharashtra data, confirming that beta-thalassemia trait is prevalent across regions, with pockets of higher risk. Conclusion: HPLC is a highly effective modality for identifying hemoglobinopathies and, when used in conjunction with CBC parameters, enhances diagnostic yield. The study confirms the utility of the Mentzer Index (<13) in screening for beta-thalassemia trait and highlights the importance of integrated hematological screening in resource-limited settings.
Keywords: High-Performance Liquid Chromatography, Beta-Thalassemia Trait, Mentzer Index
How to Cite?: Dr. Shloka Deshpande, Dr. Reeta Kataaruka, Dr. C. P. Bhale, "Audit of Hemoglobin Electrophoresis by HPLC Method and its Correlation with CBC Findings in Tertiary Health Care Centre", Volume 15 Issue 3, March 2026, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 1188-1193, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR26314105740, DOI: https://dx.dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR26314105740