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Review Papers | Obstetrics and Gynecology | Volume 15 Issue 3, March 2026 | Pages: 319 - 321 | India
Predictors and Bacteriological Profile of Surgical Site Infection Following Cesarean Section: A Comprehensive Review
Abstract: Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common complications following cesarean section (CS) and remains a significant cause of maternal morbidity worldwide. The global rise in cesarean delivery rates has proportionally increased the burden of postoperative wound infections, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Objective: To review the predictors and bacteriological profile of surgical site infections following cesarean section, with emphasis on antimicrobial resistance patterns and clinical implications. Methods: A narrative review of published literature, international guidelines, and observational studies was conducted to synthesize evidence on epidemiology, risk factors, microbial spectrum, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns associated with post-cesarean SSIs. Results: The incidence of SSI following cesarean delivery ranges from 3?15% in high-income countries and up to 25% in resource-limited settings. Major predictors include maternal obesity, anemia, diabetes mellitus, prolonged rupture of membranes, emergency cesarean delivery, prolonged operative time, and inappropriate antibiotic prophylaxis. The bacteriological profile commonly includes Gram-positive cocci, Gram-negative bacilli, and anaerobic organisms, with increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains such as MRSA and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales. Conclusion: Post-cesarean SSI is multifactorial and largely preventable. Early identification of high-risk patients, adherence to infection prevention protocols, and regular microbiological surveillance are essential for reducing maternal morbidity.
Keywords: Cesarean section, Surgical site infection, Predictors, Bacteriological profile, Antimicrobial resistance, Maternal morbidity
How to Cite?: Dr. Preeti Saini, Dr. Nayya Saini, Dr. Manisha Gupta, Dr. Alpana Agrawal, "Predictors and Bacteriological Profile of Surgical Site Infection Following Cesarean Section: A Comprehensive Review", Volume 15 Issue 3, March 2026, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 319-321, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR26302145001, DOI: https://dx.dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR26302145001