Neonatal Complications During Covid - A Systematic Review
Abstract: This systematic review examines available evidence on the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection and related treatments on pregnancy and perinatal outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were drawn from fifty-three published articles, including case reports, case series, cohort studies, and selected reviews that addressed prenatal and neonatal aspects of infection. Most pregnant women experienced a clinical course similar to that seen in the general population, with many recovering without severe complications. At the same time, isolated reports described miscarriage, preterm birth, placental inflammation, and rare congenital anomalies, raising concern about possible intrauterine exposure. Vertical transmission remains uncertain, although biological plausibility has been discussed in relation to placental ACE2 expression and reported neonatal IgM detection. Evidence on neural tube defects linked directly to maternal infection remains limited and largely speculative. Antiviral use during pregnancy appears generally cautious, with agents such as remdesivir and lopinavir ritonavir reported without clear teratogenic signals, whereas ribavirin has documented embryotoxic effects in animal models. Overall, current data suggest that while severe maternal illness can occur, consistent proof of widespread adverse fetal outcomes is lacking, and further well-designed studies are needed to clarify early pregnancy risks and long-term neonatal health.
Keywords: COVID-19 in pregnancy, neonatal complications, vertical transmission, neural tube defects, antiviral therapy
How to Cite?: Dr. Jiby Livingta H, Dr. Hemadharshini S, "Neonatal Complications During Covid - A Systematic Review", Volume 15 Issue 2, February 2026, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 1421-1424, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR26223220455, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR26223220455