Youth Substance Abuse: Risk Factors and Pathways

Dorji Wangmu Yolmo

Abstract: Background: Youth substance use is a serious social and public health issue. Teens, particularly those in early to mid-teen years, are susceptible to trying alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs, which can impair their health, school performance, and well-being. In India, research indicates that most initiate the use of substances early in life, usually while they are still in school. Contributing factors are peer pressure, family, cultural environment, and media exposure. Objectives: The investigation intended to identify social and cultural risk factors and causes of adolescent substance use aged 15-17 years in Darjeeling, West Bengal. It also intended to explore how these adolescents cope with peer, family, and societal pressures, and uncover protective factors that prevent them from using substances. Methods: The study was done in Darjeeling, which is famous for its cultural diversity, tea gardens, tourism, and urban culture. Semi-structured interviews were carried out, using a qualitative method, on 15 adolescents of diverse backgrounds. Data collected were analysed thematically to look for patterns and information about substance use. Results: Five themes were recognized: family and cultural history, peer and social pressure, personal and academic stress, media, and coping styles. Though most adolescents experienced pressure, some pushed back against drug use by establishing goals, staying away from risk-peer groups, and controlling themselves. Conclusion: Resilience and sound coping styles are the key in averting substance use. Results can help educators, families, and policymakers in developing culturally competent prevention programs.

Keywords: Adolescents, Substance Use, Social Influence, Cultural Factors, Peer Pressure, Darjeeling, Resilience

How to Cite?: Dorji Wangmu Yolmo, "Youth Substance Abuse: Risk Factors and Pathways", Volume 15 Issue 1, January 2026, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 1661-1667, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR26126135257, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR26126135257