Efficacy of Nebulized Ketamine versus Ketamine-Clonidine in Reducing Post-Operative Sore Throat: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Deepak Salhan, Hemani Ahuja

Abstract: Background: Postoperative sore throat (POST) is a common complication after general anaesthesia with endotracheal intubation. Various pharmacological interventions, including ketamine nebulization, have been studied for their effectiveness in reducing the incidence of POST. Aim: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of nebulized ketamine alone versus a ketamine-clonidine combination in preventing postoperative sore throat. Methods: A total of 120 patients undergoing elective surgeries under general anesthesia were randomly assigned to three groups: Group S (saline nebulization, 4 mL), Group K (ketamine nebulization, 50 mg in 4 mL saline), and Group KC (ketamine 50 mg + clonidine 50 ?g in 4 mL saline). The incidence and severity of sore throat were assessed at 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours post-extubation. Results: The incidence of POST was significantly lower in Group KC compared to Group K and Group S at all-time intervals. At 24 hours, POST incidence was 12.5% in Group KC, 47.5% in Group K, and 67.5% in Group S. The severity of sore throat was also reduced in the KC group. Conclusion: Nebulization with a combination of ketamine and clonidine significantly reduces the incidence and severity of postoperative sore throat compared to ketamine alone or saline. This combination therapy could be a valuable option for improving postoperative comfort in patients undergoing general anesthesia.

Keywords: postoperative sore throat, ketamine nebulization, clonidine combination, general anesthesia, airway management

How to Cite?: Deepak Salhan, Hemani Ahuja, "Efficacy of Nebulized Ketamine versus Ketamine-Clonidine in Reducing Post-Operative Sore Throat: A Randomized Controlled Trial", Volume 14 Issue 9, September 2025, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 790-792, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR25916193548, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR25916193548