Microbial Conversion of Kitchen Waste to Bioenzymes: Promoting Circular Economy and Zero-Waste Initiatives

Dr. Seema Vilas Khadatare

Abstract: This research delves into the potential of transforming household kitchen waste into bioenzymes via microbial fermentation, assessing their viability as eco-friendly solutions for environmental management and agricultural use. The study aims to showcase how converting organic waste into bioenzymes can mitigate environmental pollution, foster sustainable farming practices, and bolster zero-waste initiatives. The methodology involves fermenting a blend of fruit peels, vegetable scraps, and other organic waste with jaggery and water in a 3: 1: 10 ratio for a duration of 30 to 90 days. Observations of physicochemical changes during fermentation, such as pH reduction and odor alteration, confirmed effective microbial decomposition. Enzymatic activity tests indicated high amylase activity and moderate protease and cellulase activity, highlighting the bioenzyme's potential to enhance soil fertility and aid in composting. Microbial analysis revealed a predominance of beneficial bacteria and yeasts, which contribute to the breakdown of organic matter and improve soil microbial diversity. Application trials on potted plants demonstrated improved growth and soil quality with bioenzyme treatment, supporting its use as a natural biofertilizer. The bioenzyme-treated organic waste decomposed 2?3 times faster than untreated waste, underscoring its potential in waste management and reducing landfill emissions. The production of bioenzymes is economically feasible, particularly in rural and low-income areas, as it utilizes readily available materials and requires minimal infrastructure. This approach encourages community involvement, environmental stewardship, and opportunities for small-scale entrepreneurship. Transforming kitchen waste into bioenzymes aligns with the principles of a circular economy and zero-waste efforts by preventing organic waste from reaching landfills and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Future research should focus on enhancing fermentation efficiency, standardizing substrate compositions, and expanding production capabilities for broader applications in agriculture, sanitation, and various industries.

Keywords: Bioenzymes, Kitchen waste, Microbial fermentation, Sustainable agriculture, Environmental sanitation, Composting, Biofertilizer, Waste management, Circular economy, Zero-waste initiatives

How to Cite?: Dr. Seema Vilas Khadatare, "Microbial Conversion of Kitchen Waste to Bioenzymes: Promoting Circular Economy and Zero-Waste Initiatives", Volume 14 Issue 8, August 2025, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 48-54, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR25731183911, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR25731183911