Neurosonography Evaluation of Brain Injuries in Preterm Neonates

Dr. Pushpak Tomar, Dr. Saurabh Goyal, Dr. Hariram, Dr. Kapil Dalal

Abstract: Background: Preterm birth, defined as delivery before 37 weeks of gestation, affects over 15 million infants annually and is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. The immature brain is vulnerable to injuries such as germinal matrix hemorrhage, intraventricular hemorrhage, and periventricular leukomalacia. Neurosonography is a non - invasive, bedside imaging technique that uses open fontanelles to visualize the brain and is ideal for critically ill neonates due to its safety, portability, and repeatability. Methods: This observational study was conducted from July 2023 to December 2024 at the Department of Radiology, Pacific Institute of Medical Sciences, Udaipur. A total of 72 preterm neonates underwent cranial ultrasound using high - resolution linear probes. Results: Abnormal neurosonographic findings were observed in 37% of neonates. Cerebral edema (60%), periventricular flare (35%), and periventricular leukomalacia (15%) were the most common. Abnormal findings were significantly associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Conclusion: Cranial ultrasound is effective in detecting and monitoring brain injuries, guiding prognosis and management in the NICU.

Keywords: Critically ill neonates, Neurosonogram, NICU, Brain injury, Preterm infants

How to Cite?: Dr. Pushpak Tomar, Dr. Saurabh Goyal, Dr. Hariram, Dr. Kapil Dalal, "Neurosonography Evaluation of Brain Injuries in Preterm Neonates", Volume 14 Issue 6, June 2025, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 1381-1385, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR25617140112, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR25617140112