Analysis on the Impact of Obesity in Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcomes

Dr. K. R. Chellammal, Dr. Asha E.

Abstract: Background: Being obese is defined as having an unusually high amount of fat in adipose tissue, which can have negative health effects. A high fat diet, genetic predispositions, and little to no physical activity are the main factors that contribute to obesity. Obesity puts mother and fetus at risk for issues like hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), postpartum infections, dysfunctional labor, premature labor, cesarean sections, and deep vein thrombosis, according to numerous research conducted in India. Methods: There were 98 patients in all who were part of this investigation. This report represents a retrospective analysis. This investigation was conducted at the tertiary care level hospital, Bharath Medical College and Hospital. Our research delineates the prenatal, intrapartum, and neonatal outcomes associated with obesity. Results: In terms of obstetric features, the findings showed that 32% of the cases were primi gravida and 68% were multigravida.30% of deliveries in the past were made via SVD, while 70% were made through LSCS. Of the women, 49% belonged to class I obesity (BMI 30 - 34), 32% to class II obesity (BMI 35 - 39.9%), and >40% had a BMI of 4. Just 11% of cases had diabetes mellitus, 28% had hypertension, and 21% had macrosomia, according to the risk factors. Conclusion: Given that obesity is a serious public health issue that negatively impacts the results of mother pregnancy, the study highlights an important risk factor for expectant mothers. Numerous relationships between obesity and particular co - factors, such as diabetes, hypertension, and macrosomia characteristics, were observed in this study.

Keywords: Maternal obesity, Pregnancy outcome, Perinatal outcome, Congenital outcome, GDM