Ancient Legal System and Present Legal System: Similarity and Difference

Sonali, Dr. Rakesh Kumar

Abstract: The Indian legal system, deeply rooted in historical traditions, has evolved through various phases, drawing influences from diverse legal frameworks. From the ancient system governed by Dharma and royal decrees to the modern structure shaped by British jurisprudence, law in India reflects a unique blend of customary, religious, and statutory laws. The ancient legal order emphasized social harmony and moral duty, with rulers administering justice based on religious texts and established customs. In contrast, the British colonial era introduced a codified system inspired by common law principles, fundamentally altering judicial procedures and legal interpretation. Despite the transition, remnants of the ancient system persist, especially in personal laws and customary practices. It is evident that while modern India operates within a structured constitutional framework, the echoes of its past legal traditions continue to shape its judiciary. This suggests that Indian law is not merely a colonial inheritance but a dynamic fusion of indigenous and external influences, constantly adapting to societal needs.

Keywords: Indian legal history, common law, civil law, ancient justice, British legal influence