The Interpersonal Relationships of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Kulandai Therese

Abstract: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a chronic mental health condition marked by recurring obsessions and compulsions that cause distress and impairment. Obsessions are intrusive thoughts, urges, or images that provoke anxiety, while compulsions are repetitive behaviours aimed at reducing distress. The disorder stems from complex biological, genetic, neurophysiological, and environmental interactions, with neurotransmitter dysregulation, particularly serotonin, playing a key role. Common themes include contamination fears, intrusive thoughts, and compulsive behaviours such as excessive handwashing and checking. Comorbid conditions like anxiety and depression often complicate diagnosis and treatment. Management involves cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT), especially exposure and response prevention (ERP), along with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). For treatment-resistant cases, deep brain stimulation (DBS) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) are emerging options. Beyond clinical treatment, lifestyle modifications, stress management, and support groups help improve symptom control and quality of life. Research continues to advance treatment strategies for OCD.

Keywords: Obsession, compulsion, compulsive behaviours, intrusive thoughts, OCD symptoms, cognitive therapy, serotonin imbalance