Fe, Zn, Ca and K Hydroxides Interactions with Flavonoids, Alkaloids, Tannins and Steroids, and their Effect on the Binding Capacity of Cellulose within the Cuticle of the Solanaceae Family Fruits: A Review

Vijendra P Singh, Asha Verma, Varinder Pal

Abstract: The chemical composition and concentrations of Zn, Fe, Na, K, and Ca hydroxides vary in the epidermis of potato, brinjal, tomato, and golden berry (members of the Solanaceae family), with about 17% zinc, 34% calcium, and 55% iron. Proteome (enriched protein) 63%, involved in plant defence at the epidermis. Phenolic compounds such as glycoalkaloids, flavonoids, and tannins, along with 7.7% ash, 3.4% pectin, 14.7% protein, 2.2% cellulose, 66.8% starch, 0.9% of reducing sugars and 1.4% of total soluble sugars. This study aimed to determine the decomposition rate, antioxidant activity, and total phenolic content (TPC). Some crucial points were reviewed within the cuticle layers for the decomposition rates of cellulose by metallic hydroxides. Lower levels of tannin and higher levels of alkaloids and anthocyanins decrease decomposition rates in golden berry, but higher levels of glycoalkaloids in potato increase decomposition rates.

Keywords: Minerals, potassium, tuber, membrane barrier, total phenolic content (TPC)

How to Cite?: Vijendra P Singh, Asha Verma, Varinder Pal, "Fe, Zn, Ca and K Hydroxides Interactions with Flavonoids, Alkaloids, Tannins and Steroids, and their Effect on the Binding Capacity of Cellulose within the Cuticle of the Solanaceae Family Fruits: A Review", Volume 14 Issue 12, December 2025, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 1516-1521, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR251216203739, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR251216203739