Sustainable Pathways in Synthesis of Nanoparticle, From Chemical Routes to Green Photosynthesis by Coprecipitation Method

Renuka Ramdas Pawar, Dr. Prashant D. Netankar

Abstract: Nanoparticle synthesis remains a central concern in nanoscience due to the growing demand for materials with controlled size, shape, composition, and biocompatibility, particularly for medical and pharmaceutical applications. Conventional bottom-up and chemical approaches, such as co-precipitation and microemulsion techniques, offer reproducibility and uniformity but often involve high costs, toxic reagents, and environmental risks that limit their broader applicability. Advances in iron oxide nanoparticle synthesis have demonstrated improved control over crystallinity and particle size through temperature regulation and precursor selection, yet challenges related to surfactant residues and large-scale production persist. In response, biosynthetic and plant-mediated routes have gained attention as environmentally friendly alternatives, leveraging naturally occurring phytochemicals that act as reducing and stabilising agents. These green approaches reduce chemical toxicity while enhancing compatibility for biomedical use, although practical constraints such as cultivation effort, contamination, and harvesting complexity remain unresolved. Alongside these developments, interest in heterocyclic scaffolds highlights the parallel need for mild, efficient reaction protocols using accessible materials, reinforcing the shift toward sustainable and application-oriented nanomaterial design.

Keywords: Nanoparticle Synthesis, Green Nanotechnology, Iron Oxide Nanoparticles, Photosynthesis, Biocompatible Materials

How to Cite?: Renuka Ramdas Pawar, Dr. Prashant D. Netankar, "Sustainable Pathways in Synthesis of Nanoparticle, From Chemical Routes to Green Photosynthesis by Coprecipitation Method", Volume 14 Issue 12, December 2025, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 1079-1080, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR251213190520, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR251213190520