Harnessing the Power of Green Cells: A Fresh Outlook on Microalgae-Based Wastewater Treatment

Jyotishmita Dutta, Hunmily Teronpi

Abstract: Rapid population growth, urbanization, and industrial expansion have intensified the discharge of organic and inorganic pollutants into aquatic environments, leading to significant water quality deterioration. With the global population projected to reach nine billion by 2050, the need for efficient and scalable wastewater treatment technologies is increasingly urgent. Microalgae-based systems have emerged as a cost-effective and sustainable approach for wastewater remediation Rapid increase in human population, urbanization and industrialization, have resulted in rampant discharge of organic and inorganic pollutants from different sources directly into the surrounding water bodies resulting in their degeneration. This has resulted in people lacking serviceable water which has, for long, served and still is the lifeline of any thriving civilization. By 2050, human population is estimated to increase to nine billion people and in order to provide serviceable water to this number of people, we need to ramp up our remediation efforts in treating wastewater before discharging them in to the water bodies. Among all the processes, algae have stood out and have served as one of the most cost-effective tools in remediating waste water. This review summarizes the capacity of microalgae to remove key contaminants-including nutrients, heavy metals, and coliform bacteria?and highlights their potential as an integral component of future wastewater treatment strategies.

Keywords: Waste water, Microalgae, Pollutants, Urbanization, Remediation

How to Cite?: Jyotishmita Dutta, Hunmily Teronpi, "Harnessing the Power of Green Cells: A Fresh Outlook on Microalgae-Based Wastewater Treatment", Volume 14 Issue 12, December 2025, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 918-924, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR251211180401, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR251211180401