Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Hemodynamic and Recovery Responses During Tracheal Extubation: A Prospective Randomized Clinical Study

Dr. Gaurav Kumar Sahu, Dr. Santanu Dash

Abstract: Background: Tracheal extubation commonly triggers sympathetic stimulation, resulting in tachycardia, hypertension, and various airway complications. Dexmedetomidine, an ??-adrenergic agonist, provides sedation, analgesia, and sympatholysis, and may attenuate these undesirable responses. Aim: This study evaluated the efficacy of intravenous dexmedetomidine (0.75 ?g/kg) in reducing hemodynamic and airway responses during tracheal extubation. Material and Methods: A prospective randomized clinical study was conducted on 120 ASA I?II adults undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia. Patients were allocated into two groups (n=60 each). Group D received dexmedetomidine 0.75 ?g/kg in 100 mL normal saline infused over 15 minutes before extubation. Group C received 100 mL normal saline. Hemodynamic parameters (heart rate, systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressure), extubation quality, sedation scores (Ramsay scale), and adverse effects were recorded. Results and Discussion: Dexmedetomidine significantly blunted the increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, and heart rate at extubation compared with controls (p < 0.05). Smooth extubation occurred in 73.33% of patients in Group D versus 38.33% in Group C. Sedation was more favourable in Group D, where 85% had a Ramsay score of 3 compared with 16.67% in Group C. Although bradycardia occurred more frequently in Group D (10% vs. 3.33%), this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Intravenous dexmedetomidine 0.75 ?g/kg administered prior to extubation provides superior hemodynamic stability, reduces coughing, and improves extubation quality without significant adverse effects.

Keywords: Tracheal extubation, Dexmedetomidine, Hemodynamic response, Airway reflexes, Sedation

How to Cite?: Dr. Gaurav Kumar Sahu, Dr. Santanu Dash, "Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Hemodynamic and Recovery Responses During Tracheal Extubation: A Prospective Randomized Clinical Study", Volume 14 Issue 12, December 2025, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 148-153, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR251202172333, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR251202172333