Haematological Parameters, Biochemical Parameters and Inflammatory Markers in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients Suffering from Dengue Fever: A Descriptive Analytical Study

Angelia R Mathew, Aruna Sajeevan, Dr. Joel John

Abstract: Background: The viral disease dengue fever is highly prevalent in tropical regions. Dengue causes characteristic hematological, biochemical and inflammatory markers abnormalities during acute infection. The presence of diabetes mellitus may modify these laboratory patterns through underlying metabolic and endothelial dysfunction. Objectives: To compare haematological, biochemical and inflammatory markers between dengue patients with and without diabetes mellitus and assess whether diabetes is associated with distinct laboratory abnormalities during dengue infection. Methods: This descriptive analytical study was conducted in the Department of General Medicine at Little flower Hospital and Research Centre Hospital, Angamaly, over a period of 10 months . A total of 50 confirmed dengue patients (25 diabetics and 25 non-diabetics) were included. Hematological indices (glycated haemoglobin (HBA1C), hemoglobin (Hb), total leucocyte count (TLC), lymphocyte count, neutrophil level, eosinophil level, monocyte count, platelet count ), biochemical parameters (serum creatinine, blood urea, serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), Serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), serum bilirubin, serum albumin) and Inflammatory markers (C-Reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)) were measured at presentation. Diabetes mellitus was defined by previous diagnosis or HbA1c ? 6.5%. Statistical comparisons were made using the t-test with p < 0.05 considered significant. Results: Both groups exhibited comparable neutrophil counts, and overall platelet reduction. Severe thrombocytopenia was marginally more frequent among people with diabetes . Biochemical profiles showed more pronounced elevation of SGOT and SGPT levels in diabetic patients (p < 0.05), along with a mild trend toward higher serum creatinine and lower serum albumin levels. These differences indicate greater hepatic stress in the diabetic subgroup. CRP indicates statistically significant. Conclusion: Hematological abnormalities were similar in dengue patients irrespective of diabetes status except few, while in inflammatory indicates subtle variations especially in case of CRP, biochemical derangements particularly liver enzyme elevation were more prominent among people with diabetes. This suggests that diabetes may potentiate hepatic vulnerability during dengue infection, warranting closer biochemical monitoring in this comorbid population.

Keywords: Haemoglobin (Hb), Diabetes Mellitus (DM), dengue virus, DENV

How to Cite?: Angelia R Mathew, Aruna Sajeevan, Dr. Joel John, "Haematological Parameters, Biochemical Parameters and Inflammatory Markers in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients Suffering from Dengue Fever: A Descriptive Analytical Study", Volume 14 Issue 11, November 2025, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 1541-1545, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR251121175748, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR251121175748