Advancing Prosthetics and Orthotics Through 3D Printing Technology: A Review of Clinical and Technical Outcomes

Minakshi Behera

Abstract: Additive manufacturing (AM), commonly known as 3D printing, is transforming prosthetics and orthotics (P&O) by enabling patient-specific design, rapid iteration, and distributed fabrication. A review of peer-reviewed studies (2015-2025) on 3D-printed prosthetic sockets, upper limb devices, and orthoses - particularly ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) - demonstrates growing technical and clinical maturity. Evidence indicates that 3D-printed devices can achieve technical feasibility and, in selected cases, comparable clinical performance to conventionally fabricated counterparts. Sockets and AFOs produced using PA12 or similar polymers can meet ISO 10328 static strength standards when design and print parameters are optimized, though fatigue performance data remain limited. Clinical investigations report equivalent or improved gait outcomes and patient satisfaction, with notable advantages in customization, reproducibility, and turnaround time. Overall, 3D printing is evolving from a prototyping tool to a viable manufacturing method for targeted P&O applications. Future progress will depend on standardized testing protocols, well-defined regulatory frameworks, and high-quality clinical trials focusing on durability and long-term outcomes.

Keywords: 3D printing, additive manufacturing, prosthetics, orthotics, regulatory framework

How to Cite?: Minakshi Behera, "Advancing Prosthetics and Orthotics Through 3D Printing Technology: A Review of Clinical and Technical Outcomes", Volume 14 Issue 10, October 2025, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 735-739, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR251013225736, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR251013225736