Analyzing the Role of Macronutrients in Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: A Review Study

Punita, Jyoti Tiwari

Abstract: Cardiovascular diseases are always the cause of morbidity and mortality globally, dietary factors play an important role in the prevention and management of CVD. This study analyzes the role of macronutrients ? carbohydrates, proteins, and fat - in preventing and managing heart. By the existing literature review and analysis of population - based research, this study found that macronutrients reduce the risk of CVD. Particular focus is on the type of fat intake (saturated fat and unsaturated fat), the glycemic index of carbohydrates, and the quality of proteins. This study also highlights the complexity of these macronutrients with other dietary components such as antioxidants and fiber which affect the functioning of the heart. Findings suggest that the balanced distribution and intake of macronutrients in diets leads to low consumption of unsaturated and trans fat, low level of the glycemic index of carbohydrates, and use of lean protein helps to improve the lipid profile and reduce inflammation, control blood pressure which is the key factor of cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to offer a comprehensive dietary framework to reduce the global burden of CVD.

Keywords: Cardiovascular diseases, macronutrients, lipid profile, protein, blood pressure