ABC Score: An Innovative Pre Endoscopic Risk Stratification Index for Anticipation of Mortality in Cases of Acute Upper and Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Paila Ramesh, A. Chezhian, P. Ratnakar Kini

Abstract: Background: Numerous prognostic risk scores have been created to forecast outcomes in individuals dealing with acute upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding. When evaluating patients with gastrointestinal bleeding, distinguishing between upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) and lower gastro intestinal bleeding can pose challenges. Cases of hematochezia characterized by bright red blood in stools, might originate from upper gastrointestinal tract, while instances of melena characterized by dark tarry stools could stem from lower gastrointestinal tract (such as bleeding from the right colon). Given these complexities clinicians would greatly benefit from utilizing a single scoring system that is applicable to both acute UGIB and LGIB cases. Aim: To appraise the recently introduced ABC risk score's ability to predict mortality in both instances of acute upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Methods: A comprehensive analysis was conducted on a cohort of 250 patients who sought medical attention at our institution due to acute upper gastrointestinal (UGI) and lower gastrointestinal (LGI) bleeding over the span of one year. During their admission, we computed the AIM65, GBS, OAKLAND, and ABC scores for these patients. Subsequently, we compared the outcomes in terms of 30 - day mortality and rebleeding rates. To evaluate the predictive performance, we calculated the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC) for each of these scores. Results: The mean age of the patients was 51 years, with a standard deviation of ?11.12 years. Among the 250 patients, 157 (62.8%) were male, and 93 (37.2%) were female. The low - risk group (ABC score ? 3) constituted 111 patients (44.4%), the medium - risk group (ABC score 4 - 7) included 116 patients (46.4%), and the high - risk group (ABC score ? 8) encompassed 23 patients (9.2%). Throughout the study duration, eight patients passed away. In the context of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB), the ABC score exhibited robust predictive performance for 30 - day mortality, achieving an AUROC of 0.852. This outperformed both the AIMS - 65 score (AUROC 0.752, p

Keywords: ABC Score, Pre Endoscopic Risk Stratification Index, Mortality

How to Cite?: Paila Ramesh, A. Chezhian, P. Ratnakar Kini, "ABC Score: An Innovative Pre Endoscopic Risk Stratification Index for Anticipation of Mortality in Cases of Acute Upper and Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding", Volume 12 Issue 9, September 2023, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 95-99, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR23810010614, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR23810010614

Download Citation: APA | MLA | BibTeX | EndNote | RefMan