Periodontal Ligament: As a Bite Force Distributor

Wajid Saiyed, Urvi Rangrej

Abstract: Human masticatory system is special because of its framework stabilized the dental arches to withstand powerful occlusal force. Due to this system perfect correlation exists between occlusal force and tooth stability. Periodontium is one of the part of this masticatory system. Periodontium include gingiva, periodontal ligament (PDL), cementum and alveolar bone. Among this PDL plays an important role. Periodontal ligament is the connective tissue layer between the cementum and alveolar bone. Periodontal ligament is link between tooth and bone so it provides support, protection and sensory input for masticatory system. PDL contains cells, fibers and mechanoreceptor. With the help of mechanoreceptor PDL provide feedback mechanism against occlusal force. PDL has an ability to withstand considerable occlusal force and provide tooth stability through bone remodelling. This review focused on feedback mechanism of PDL against occusal force.

Keywords: Periodontal ligament, Occlusal force, Mechanoreceptor, Signaling mechanism