An Observational Study on Effect of BMI on Pregnancy Outcome in Primigravida Women Delivering in a Tertiary Care Hospital of North India

Dr. Rita Mittal, Dr. Geetika Syal, Dr. Shivika Mittal

Abstract: Objective: To find out the effect of increasing body mass index (BMI) on adverse pregnancy outcomes in primigravida women delivering singleton babies. Method: We conducted a hospital - based observation study, done prospectively on 500primigravida women who delivered singleton babies from June2022 - December 2022. Based on their BMI and using World Health Organization classification, the pregnant females were divided into four groups. Underweight (BMI<18.5 kg/m2), normal (BMI 18.5?24.9 kg/m2), overweight (BMI 25?29.9 kg/m2), and obese (BMI>30 kg/m2). The various obstetric and perinatal outcomes were compared by using univariate analysis. Results: Out of 500 women enrolled, 30 (6%) were underweight, 126 (25.2 %) were overweight, and 32 (6.4%) were obese. The mean age of the study participants was 24.63 + 4.13 years with a mean BMI of 23.18 + 4.94 kg. The risk of having gestational hypertension in overweight or obese pregnant females was more as compared to those having BMI in the normal range, [Odds Ratio5.20 (95 % CI; 2.92 - 9.52) ], p value < 0.001). Postpartum hemorrhage risk was also high in this group [odds ratio 5.72 (95 % CI; 2.24 - 16.24) ] as compared to the normal BMI group (p value <0.001). Macrosomia (birth weight > 4kg) was more common in women with BMI > 25 kg/m2 (13.3 %) as compared to the normal BMI group (1.3%). Conclusions: The study adds to the evidence that there is a definite association between maternal overweight and obesity and adverse pregnancy outcomes including higher cesarean section rate, Gestational hypertension, stillbirth, fetal macrosomia and PPH.

Keywords: Maternal obesity, WHO guidelines, maternal outcomes, perinatal outcomes

How to Cite?: Dr. Rita Mittal, Dr. Geetika Syal, Dr. Shivika Mittal, "An Observational Study on Effect of BMI on Pregnancy Outcome in Primigravida Women Delivering in a Tertiary Care Hospital of North India", Volume 12 Issue 5, May 2023, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 311-313, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR23503101608, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR23503101608