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Analysis Study Research Paper | Geography | India | Volume 11 Issue 11, November 2022
Concentration of Settlement in Vijayapura District Using Quadrats Technique
Math Ningayya Gurapadayya | Dr. L. T. Nayak
Abstract: India is a country where nearly two-third of the population lives in rural areas and enlightens the rural areas is the lifeline of India. Before going to achieve this goal and utilize the full potentiality of village resources it is essential to explore rural areas in terms of their size, distribution and pattern of rural settlement. This paper examines the spatial point pattern settlements of rural communities in the Vijayapura District. The study consists of 698 villages with 10, 498 Sq Kms area. Spatial analysis was performed by using quadrate analysis and spatial autocorrelation of points. The associated physical environment was integrated with GIS to identify the patterns in the relationship of household locations affected by a particular facility.42 quadrates with one square inch map have been prepared by using the GIS software for the analysis of settlement concentration, in addition to this, Settlement concentration index and Average distance of settlements (spacing) have been found. The result of quadrats method shows the settlements variance mean ratio (VMR). If VMR value is < 1.0, the distribution pattern is regular, If VMR value is = 1.0, the distribution pattern is random, If VMR value is > 1.0 the distribution pattern is clustered, the result of VMR value of study area is8.73. Since the calculated value of the study area is greater than 1.0 this shows that the distribution of settlement is clustered in space. The concentration index values have been grouped under five categories. The first group values range between 0.01and 2.50 where none of the settlements exists in this group, the second group range 2.51 to 5.00 which consists 6 quadrats which includes 66 settlements from different taluks. This group stands fifth rank in Concentration Index ranking. The third group range 5.05 to 7.50 which contains 8quadrats, which105 settlements of different taluks of the Vijayapura district and it falls under fourth rank. The third range value is 7.51 to 10.00 comprises of 15quadrats, which includes 346 settlements of different taluk and it stands third rank in the concentration index groups. The fifth and sixth group value 10.01 to 12.50 and 12.51 to 15.00 having3quadrats, each and includes 84 and 89 settlements respectively and stands second and first ranks respectively. Although the spatial pattern of settlements in the Study Area is generally clustered, but in some taluks per square settlement densities kilometers is low for example the density of Tikotataluk is0.036sq. kms where as Muddebihal and Nidagundi taluks have greater settlement density i. e., 0.109sq. kms. As quadrats like Q-21, Q-30, Q-34, Q-35, Q-40 and Q-41 are high density quadrats which cover Vijayapura, part of Talikoti, small area of BsavanaBagewad, equal portion of Nidagundi and Muddebihal. The analysis shows that Vijayapura Tahsil having the highest concentration index and has the highest occupied area as well (42.27 Sq Km), with an index value of 4.723, which accounts 28.63 percent of the total occupied area. The lowest concentration index has been recorded in Tikota taluka with7.57 sq. km and the index value is 0.867 which contributes 5.127 percent of the total occupied area. Therefore, settlements are largely concentrated in favored sites where easy availability of ground water, rail and road tracks, fertile soil and accessibility to trading centers.
Keywords: Spatial point patterns, Quadrats Analysis, GIS, GPS, Geospatial Database, Superimposed
Edition: Volume 11 Issue 11, November 2022,
Pages: 1063 - 1073