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Review Papers | Medical Microbiology | India | Volume 10 Issue 7, July 2021

Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) - A Review

Adil Raza

Abstract: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus. Most people infected with the COVID-19 virus will experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without requiring special treatment older people, and those with underlying medical problems like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, and cancer are more likely to develop serious illness. The virus mainly spreads from person to person through droplet transmission in close contact. The incubation time, which is the time from the exposure to the first symptoms, is estimated to be approximately 2-12 days, on average approximately 4-5 days. How efficiently the virus spreads and the period of infectiousness are not yet well known. In general, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) serves as a natural defense against exogenously pathogenic microorganisms, attenuating the risk of intracranial infection. It is already known that human coronaviruses can spread from the respiratory tract to the central nervous system (CNS) through transneuronal and hematogenous routes. Symptoms are fever, dry cough, tiredness, aches and pains, sore throat, diarrhea, conjunctivitis, headache, loss of taste or smell a rash on skin, or discolouration of fingers or toes. Prevention avoid close contact (within about 6 feet, or 2 meters) with anyone who is sick or has symptoms. Keep distance between yourself and others (within about 6 feet, or 2 meters). This is especially important if you have a higher risk of serious illness. Keep in mind some people may have COVID-19 and spread it to others, even if they don't have symptoms or don't know they have COVID-19. Avoid sharing dishes, glasses, towels, bedding and other household items if you're sick.

Keywords: Coronavirus, moderate respiratory, blood-brain barrier, central nervous system, transmission, COVID-19

Edition: Volume 10 Issue 7, July 2021,

Pages: 227 - 230