A Beginner's Guide to Histological Interpretation in Oral Biopsy Reports: Epithelium and Connective Tissue

Dr. Arif Mohiddin

Abstract: The oral pathology biopsy report is a critical diagnostic tool that guides clinical management. For beginners, histopathological interpretation can be challenging due to the complex interplay of tissue components. This guide provides a structured framework for systematically analyzing the two fundamental compartments of an oral biopsy: the epithelium and the connective tissue. A methodical, low-power assessment of architectural patterns (e.g., hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, rate ridge morphology) is paramount for initial diagnostic orientation [1, 3]. This must be followed by a high-power evaluation of cytological features (e.g., pleomorphism, hyperchromatism, loss of polarity) essential for grading epithelial dysplasia in potentially malignant disorders [10, 11]. Concurrently, the connective tissue must be assessed for the character (e.g., lymphocytic, plasmacytic, granulomatous), density, and distribution of inflammatory infiltrates, as well as stromal changes such as fibrosis, edema, and vascular proliferation [1, 14]. The definitive diagnosis is achieved by synthesizing and correlating the histopathological findings from both compartments [3]. This structured approach ensures the generation of a precise, clinically relevant, and standardized biopsy report, which is the cornerstone of effective patient care.

Keywords: oral biopsy, epithelium, connective tissue, histological interpretation

How to Cite?: Dr. Arif Mohiddin, "A Beginner's Guide to Histological Interpretation in Oral Biopsy Reports: Epithelium and Connective Tissue", Volume 14 Issue 9, September 2025, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 517-519, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=MR25911170315, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/MR25911170315