An Analytical Comparative Study Between Oral 600 mcg Misoprostol and Manual Vacuum Aspiration in First-Trimester Incomplete Abortions in a Tertiary Care Centre in Gadag

Dr. Monisha N R, Dr. Jayashree A K

Abstract: Background: Incomplete abortion is a frequent complication of early pregnancy and, if not managed promptly, can lead to severe morbidity and mortality. Surgical evacuation via manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) and medical management with misoprostol are both recommended, but comparative clinical data in first-trimester cases remain limited. Objective: To compare the efficacy, safety, and acceptability of a single dose of 600 mcg oral misoprostol versus manual vacuum aspiration in first-trimester incomplete abortions. Methods: This prospective analytical comparative study was conducted at the Gadag Institute of Medical Sciences, Karnataka, India, over 18 months. A total of 100 women with sonographically and clinically confirmed incomplete abortions (<13 weeks gestation) were randomized equally into two groups: Group A received 600 mcg oral misoprostol; Group B underwent MVA. Complete uterine evacuation at 2-week follow-up ultrasound was the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included pain scores, bleeding duration, adverse effects, and patient acceptability. Statistical analyses used Chi-square and Mann?Whitney U tests; significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Complete evacuation occurred in 82% of Group A and 98% of Group B (p = 0.01). Mean pain scores were lower in Group A (3.1 ? 1.0) than Group B (6.4 ? 1.2, p < 0.001). Mean bleeding duration was shorter in Group B (3.4 ? 0.9 days) versus Group A (5.1 ? 1.3 days, p < 0.001). Gastrointestinal side effects were more frequent with misoprostol, while procedural discomfort was higher with MVA. Acceptance rates were high in both groups. Conclusion: MVA achieved higher rates of complete evacuation with shorter bleeding duration, whereas misoprostol offered better pain tolerance and acceptability. Both methods are safe and effective; choice should be guided by patient preference, clinical setting, and available resources.

Keywords: Incomplete abortion, Misoprostol, Manual vacuum aspiration, First trimester, Postabortion care

How to Cite?: Dr. Monisha N R, Dr. Jayashree A K, "An Analytical Comparative Study Between Oral 600 mcg Misoprostol and Manual Vacuum Aspiration in First-Trimester Incomplete Abortions in a Tertiary Care Centre in Gadag", Volume 14 Issue 9, September 2025, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 233-235, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=MR25813092054, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/MR25813092054