Factors Affecting Morbidity in Patients Undergoing Emergency Abdominal Surgery: A Prospective Study

Dr. Boddu Pravallika, Dr. Madala Sambasiva Rao

Abstract: Background: Emergency abdominal surgery is associated with high morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to identify factors contributing to postoperative complications in such patients. Methods: A prospective study was conducted at Alluri Sitarama Raju Academy of Medical Sciences, Eluru, involving 50 patients who underwent emergency abdominal surgery within 24 hours of admission. Patient demographics, clinical and biochemical parameters, and postoperative outcomes were recorded and analyzed. Results: Of the 50 patients, 58% developed postoperative complications, with a 6% mortality rate. Significant risk factors included age >55 years, male sex, smoking, elevated serum creatinine and blood urea, hypoalbuminemia, hyperglycemia, and longer surgery duration. Conclusion: Older age, poor nutritional status, impaired renal function, and prolonged surgery are associated with increased postoperative morbidity. Preoperative optimization and experienced surgical teams may improve outcomes.

Keywords: Emergency Surgery, Abdominal Surgery, Morbidity, Postoperative Complications, Risk Factors