International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)

International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)
Call for Papers | Fully Refereed | Open Access | Double Blind Peer Reviewed

ISSN: 2319-7064


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India | Obstetrics and Gynecology | Volume 14 Issue 3, March 2025 | Pages: 1432 - 1436


Maternal and Fetal Outcome in Severe Preeclampsia and Eclampsia: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Dr. Manu Rajput, Dr Kshama Kedar

Abstract: Background: This retrospective descriptive cohort study was conducted at SVNGMC, Yavatmal, Maharashtra, a tertiary care government hospital in rural India, over five years from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2023. It aimed to analyze the impact of severe preeclampsia and eclampsia on maternal and fetal outcomes using data from medical records. Material and Methods: This retrospective descriptive cohort study was carried out on 150 pregnant women at SVNGMC, Yavatmal, Maharashtra over five years from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2023. Data were obtained from the hospital's medical records department and included demographic information, medical history, prenatal care details, pregnancy complications, maternal and fetal outcomes. Preeclampsia and eclampsia were compared to identify differences in characteristics. Results: In the eclampsia group, 76.67% were aged 21 - 30 years, compared to 53.33% in the pre - eclampsia group (P < 0.05). Primigravida was more common in eclampsia (75.56%) than in pre - eclampsia (60%) (P = 0.042). There were no significant differences in anemia, labor pain, or BP readings. Pre - term delivery was more common in eclampsia (55.68%). LSCS due to maternal condition was higher in eclampsia (34.38%) (P = 0.816), and postpartum hemorrhage was significantly higher in eclampsia (35.56%) (P = 0.0003). Maternal mortality was 2.22% in eclampsia vs.3.33% in pre - eclampsia. NICU admissions were higher in eclampsia (40%) (P = 0.0007). Birth weight <2.5 kg and IUD were similar between groups (P = 0.737, P = 0.693). Conclusion: Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, like pre - eclampsia and eclampsia, remain significant health concerns in India. Despite healthcare advances, delayed recognition and management lead to adverse outcomes. Early detection, timely treatment, and improved referral systems are key to reducing maternal and neonatal risks.

Keywords: Eclampsia, Maternal mortality, Preeclampsia, Neonatal outcome



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