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Research Paper | Medical Science | India | Volume 13 Issue 10, October 2024 | Popularity: 5.5 / 10
Pictorial Review of Non-Traumatic Intracranial Haemorrhages (NTICH)
Dr. K Surya Teja, Dr. Chethan T N, Dr. Nidhi Raj
Abstract: Background: Non-traumatic intracranial haemorrhages (NTICH) are a critical cause of morbidity and mortality, accounting for 10-15% of all strokes1, 2. Key etiologies include hypertension, vascular abnormalities, coagulopathies, aneurysms, and malignancies2. Early identification and precise diagnosis are essential for optimal patient management. Objective: This study presents a series of NTICH cases, illustrating the diversity of underlying causes and their characteristic imaging findings, to highlight the role of neuroimaging in diagnosis and management. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of NTICH cases presenting between 2022 and 2023 at the Akash Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Devanahalli. Patients were evaluated using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), with follow-up imaging where indicated. The cases include hypertensive intracerebral haemorrhage, haemorrhagic infarcts (arterial and venous), aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), cavernomas, tumour-associated haemorrhage, and haemorrhagic metastases. Results: Hypertension was the leading cause of NTICH, frequently presenting with intraventricular extension. Haemorrhagic infarcts demonstrated distinctive diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) patterns, while aneurysmal SAH was identified via CT angiography. Rare entities such as tumour-related haemorrhages and haemorrhagic metastases were identified with characteristic CT and MRI features, aiding in differentiating them from other causes of intracranial haemorrhage. Conclusion: NTICH represents a complex spectrum of pathologies, with hypertension as the most common etiology. Advanced neuroimaging techniques like CT and MRI are indispensable for accurate diagnosis, guiding therapeutic decisions, and improving patient outcomes. Prompt recognition of the underlying cause is crucial for managing these life-threatening events.
Keywords: Non-traumatic intracranial haemorrhage, CT, MRI, hypertensive haemorrhage, aneurysms, vascular malformations, haemorrhagic infarcts, spontaneous intracranial haemorrhage
Edition: Volume 13 Issue 10, October 2024
Pages: 908 - 913
DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.21275/ES241010181459
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