Ultrasound Assisted Synthesis of 1- Butoxynaphthalene Under Liquid-Liquid Multi-Site Phase-Transfer Catalysis Condition and Their Kinetics

Pachaiyappan Abimannan, Venugopal Rajendran

Abstract: In this research work, the convenient synthesis of 1-butoxynaphthalene from cheaply available starting materials under multi-site phase-transfer catalyst viz. , 1, 4-dibenzyl-1, 4-diazoniabicyclo [2.2.2]octane dichloride and assisted by sonication (40 kHz, 300 W) using solution of sodium hydroxide in liquidliquid biphasic (LL-PTC) system was reported. The reaction is greatly enhanced in the liquidliquid system, catalyzed by multi-site quaternary ammonium salt (MPTC) and ultrasound irradiation in a batch reactor. The reaction is carried out under pseudo first-order condition and which is sufficient to describe all the results, such as the effects of agitation speed, different ultrasonic frequency, different phase transfer catalysts and the effect of organic solvents, the amount of MPTC, effect of various temperature, concentration of butyl bromide, sodium hydroxide concentrations, on the conversion of butyl bromide and the apparent rate constant (Kapp) were investigated in detail.

Keywords: Multi-site phase-transfer catalyst, sonication, liquid-liquid PTC, -naphthol, butyl bromide, kinetics