Comparative Evaluation of Dentinal Crack Propagation after Root Canal Instrumentation Using HyFlex CM, WaveOne Gold and HyFlex EDM Nickel-Titanium File Systems: An In Vitro Stereomicroscopic Study
Abstract: Background: Contemporary heat-treated nickel-titanium (NiTi) systems offer improved flexibility and fatigue resistance; however, instrumentation-related stresses may induce dentinal defects that can propagate into vertical root fractures. File design, taper, metallurgy, and kinematics may influence crack formation, although evidence remains conflicting. Aim: To compare dentinal crack propagation following root canal instrumentation with HyFlex CM, WaveOne Gold, and HyFlex EDM NiTi systems. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six extracted human single-rooted permanent teeth with mature apices were randomly allocated to three groups (n = 12). Canals were prepared using HyFlex CM (25/.06), WaveOne Gold Primary (25/.07), or HyFlex EDM OneFile (25/8v). Saline and 3% sodium hypochlorite were used for irrigation. Roots were horizontally sectioned at 3, 6, and 9 mm from the apex and examined under a stereomicroscope (?25). Dentinal defects were recorded at each root level and statistically compared. Results: WaveOne Gold showed the highest incidence of dentinal cracks at all levels. Crack formation was significantly greater with WaveOne Gold than with HyFlex CM (p = 0.003) and HyFlex EDM (p = 0.02), whereas no significant difference was observed between HyFlex CM and HyFlex EDM. Conclusion: WaveOne Gold produced significantly more dentinal crack formation than the HyFlex systems under the conditions of this in vitro study.
Keywords: Dentinal microcracks; HyFlex CM; HyFlex EDM; WaveOne Gold; Stereomicroscopy
How to Cite?: Ananthakrishna S., Vikash Sharma, Pradeep P R, Juned Ahmed Choudhary, Aishwarya G Bhattad, "Comparative Evaluation of Dentinal Crack Propagation after Root Canal Instrumentation Using HyFlex CM, WaveOne Gold and HyFlex EDM Nickel-Titanium File Systems: An In Vitro Stereomicroscopic Study", Volume 15 Issue 9, September 2026, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 1607-1614, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR26924232658, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR26924232658