Effectiveness of a Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Vitamin D and Vitamin B12 Deficiency among Adolescents: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Abstract: Background: Vitamin D and vitamin B12 are important micronutrients during adolescence, a period of rapid growth and development. Limited knowledge about their functions, deficiency, sources and prevention may hinder healthy choices. School-based structured education may help address this knowledge gap. Objective: To assess knowledge regarding vitamin D and vitamin B12 deficiency among adolescents, evaluate the effectiveness of a structured teaching programme, and determine the association between knowledge level and selected socio-demographic variables. Methods: A quantitative quasi-experimental one-group pre-test post-test design was used among 100 adolescents aged 11-17 years studying at Government Senior Secondary School, Mashobra, District Shimla, Himachal Pradesh. Participants were selected by probability simple random sampling. Data were collected using a self-structured 25-item knowledge questionnaire. The tool was reviewed by 12 experts for content validity and had a split-half reliability coefficient of r = 0.803. The structured teaching programme was administered after the pre-test and the post-test was conducted on the seventh day. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, paired t-test and chi-square test. Results: Before the intervention, 19% of participants had inadequate knowledge, 72% had moderate knowledge and 9% had adequate knowledge. After the intervention, 0% had inadequate knowledge, 22% had moderate knowledge and 78% had adequate knowledge. Mean knowledge score increased from 11.62 ± 3.437 to 19.84 ± 4.151, with a mean difference of 8.220. The paired t-test value was 24.022 (p 2 = 7.56, df = 2, p = 0.02), while mother's education was significantly associated with post-test knowledge (χ2 = 9.82, df = 4). Conclusion: The structured teaching programme was associated with a substantial and statistically significant improvement in adolescents' knowledge regarding vitamin D and vitamin B12 deficiency. Structured school-based health education may be a useful strategy for improving micronutrient awareness among adolescents.
Keywords: adolescents; vitamin D deficiency; vitamin B12 deficiency; knowledge; structured teaching programme; quasi-experimental study
How to Cite?: Kanchan Dyal, "Effectiveness of a Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Vitamin D and Vitamin B12 Deficiency among Adolescents: A Quasi-Experimental Study", Volume 15 Issue 9, September 2026, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 1479-1482, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR26923071111, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR26923071111