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Review Paper | Periodontology | Volume 15 Issue 9, September 2026 | Pages: 561 - 567 | India
Regenerative Materials Used in Periodontology: Current Evidence, Clinical Applications, and Future Perspectives
Abstract: Periodontal regeneration remains the ultimate goal in periodontitis therapy, as conventional treatment primarily arrests disease progression without restoring the lost periodontal attachment apparatus. True regeneration involves the coordinated formation of new cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone and depends on progenitor cells, signalling molecules, extracellular matrix components, and an appropriate healing environment. Advances in biomaterial science, molecular biology, and tissue engineering have transformed regenerative therapy from simple bone replacement to biologically driven approaches. Current regenerative materials include bone grafts, barrier membranes, biologic mediators, platelet concentrates, extracellular matrix derivatives, stem cell-based therapies, and advanced scaffolds. Autogenous bone remains the biological gold standard because of its osteogenic, osteoinductive, and osteoconductive properties, although donor-site morbidity has led to the use of allografts, xenografts, and synthetic substitutes. Guided tissue regeneration has evolved through improved membrane technology, while biologic agents such as enamel matrix derivative, platelet-derived growth factor, fibroblast growth factor-2, and bone morphogenetic proteins enhance regenerative potential. Emerging approaches include platelet-rich fibrin, injectable PRF, hyaluronic acid, mesenchymal stem cells, extracellular vesicles, nanotechnology, and three-dimensional bioprinting. No single material has demonstrated consistent superiority across all clinical situations. Current evidence increasingly favours combination approaches integrating scaffolds with biologically active molecules to optimise regeneration. This review critically evaluates regenerative materials used in periodontology, their biological mechanisms, clinical evidence, advantages, limitations, and emerging developments that will shape future periodontal regenerative therapy.
Keywords: Periodontal regeneration, regenerative materials, bone grafts, guided tissue regeneration, enamel matrix derivative, platelet-rich fibrin, stem cells, tissue engineering
How to Cite?: Dr. Muskan, Dr. Vikas Jindal, Dr. Baljeet Singh, Dr. Monika Kumari, Dr. Shiva Chauhan, Dr. Aman Singla, Dr. Abhinav Bhasker, "Regenerative Materials Used in Periodontology: Current Evidence, Clinical Applications, and Future Perspectives", Volume 15 Issue 9, September 2026, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 561-567, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR26906153043, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR26906153043