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Case Report | Radiology and Medical Imaging Sciences | Volume 15 Issue 8, August 2026 | Pages: 2181 - 2183 | India
Bilateral Alkaline-Encrusted Pyelitis Mimicking Staghorn Calculi: A Case Report
Abstract: Alkaline-encrusted pyelitis is a rare urinary tract disorder characterized by calcific encrustation of the urothelial lining of the renal collecting system. It is commonly associated with urease-producing organisms, particularly Corynebacterium urealyticum, and may be difficult to diagnose because routine urine cultures can be negative. We report a case of a 51-year-old female presenting with hematuria for 3 months, altered sensorium and decreased oral intake, with severe renal dysfunction and hyperkalemia. Initial CT was reported as bilateral staghorn calculi. On subsequent review, the calcifications were noted to represent encrustation involving the bilateral pelvicalyceal systems and upper ureters. The patient was managed medically along with supportive therapy. Renal function subsequently improved. This case highlights the importance of recognizing urothelial calcific encrustation on CT and differentiating it from conventional staghorn calculi, particularly in patients presenting with hematuria and renal dysfunction.
Keywords: Alkaline-encrusted pyelitis; Urothelial encrustation; Staghorn calculi; Corynebacterium urealyticum; Hematuria
How to Cite?: Dr. Ethan Ross de Souza, Dr. Ambika Juwarkar, Dr. Sanjay Sardessai, "Bilateral Alkaline-Encrusted Pyelitis Mimicking Staghorn Calculi: A Case Report", Volume 15 Issue 8, August 2026, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 2181-2183, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR26830175048, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR26830175048