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Original Research | Cardiology Science | Volume 15 Issue 5, May 2026 | Pages: 1603 - 1606 | Iraq
Serum Lipid Profile Across the Spectrum of Coronary Artery Disease: Association with Smoking and Age in a Cross-Sectional Study
Abstract: Background: Dyslipidemia is a significant modifiable risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). The study would use a high-throughput molecular tool based on serum lipid profiles to analyse CAD clinical phenotypes and their associations with smoking status and age. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design with 80 adults, divided into normal controls, unstable angina, stable angina, and myocardial infarction. Serum levels of fasting triglycerides, total cholesterol, and HDL-C were obtained, while LDL-C and VLDL-C were estimated using standard equations. Group comparisons were performed using ANOVA and independent t-tests, while Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess lipid associations. Results: Lipid parameters differed significantly across CAD groups. Total cholesterol, LDL-C, triglycerides, and VLDL-C increased progressively from controls to myocardial infarction, while HDL-C decreased. Smokers showed significantly higher total cholesterol and LDL-C; unexpectedly, HDL-C was also higher. Total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglycerides increased with age, peaking in the 51 to 60 year group. Strong positive correlations were observed between total cholesterol and LDL-C, whereas the relationship between triglycerides and VLDL-C reflected the calculation method. Conclusions: CAD severity was associated with a progressively more atherogenic lipid profile. Lipid assessment remains clinically useful for CAD risk stratification, though larger adjusted prospective studies are needed to confirm the smoking-related findings.
Keywords: coronary artery disease, dyslipidemia, lipid profile, LDL-C, HDL-C, triglycerides, smoking, myocardial infarction, cardiovascular risk
How to Cite?: Dafer Mahammad Hussein Etaij, "Serum Lipid Profile Across the Spectrum of Coronary Artery Disease: Association with Smoking and Age in a Cross-Sectional Study", Volume 15 Issue 5, May 2026, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Pages: 1603-1606, https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR26524145528, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.21275/SR26524145528